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Modbus Bridge~

Add a "Modbus bridge" functionality to a device that is otherwise serial Modbus RTU only

This feature is only included in tasmota32 binary

When compiling your build add the following to user_config_override.h:

#ifndef USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE
#define USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE       // Add support for software Modbus Bridge (+3k code)
#define USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE_TCP   // Add support for software Modbus TCP Bridge (Must also enable USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE)
#endif

In most cases you'll need an RS485 converter like this:

rs485 converter

Introduction~

Connect the Modbus device to an ESP and Tasmota will create a bridge to the Modbus network.

The Modbus Bridge driver features 2 kind of bridges.

USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE: The bridge can be used by commands in the console and via MQTT messages.
USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE_TCP: The bridge can be used by commands in the console and via MQTT messages but also as Modbus TCP/IP bridge

Configuration~

First assign two GPIOs to ModBR Tx and ModBR Rx in the "Configure Module" page. The Rx/Tx are relative to the ESP device. For example with ESP-12's hardware serial, set GPIO1 as ModBR Tx and GPIO3 as ModBR Rx.

Then set baud rate with ModbusBaudRate (default is 9600).

Commands~

Command Parameters
ModbusSend Sending a message to the Modbus network as JSON payload.
{"deviceAddress":<value>, "functionCode":<value>, "startAddress":<value>, "type":"<value>","count":<value> "endian":<value>}
  "deviceAddress":1..255 = device address from the Modbus slave.
  "functioncode":1..6 or 15..16 = function code to send to the Modbus slave (see table below).
  "startaddress":1..65535 address of the first register to read.
  "type":"<value>" Gives the type of the returned data (see table below).
  "count":1..n the number of values to be requested.
  "endian":msb,lsb Sets endian msb (big) or lsb (little) (optional).
ModbusBaudrate 1200...115200 = set baudrate for serial (only 8N1 mode) in 1200 increments (default = 9600)
ModbusSerialConfig Set serial protocol using data/parity/stop conventional notation (example: 8N1 or 702)
0..23 = set serial protocol (3 equals 8N1)

FunctionCode~

Function Code Description
1 Read Coils
2 Read Discrete Inputs
3 Read Multiple Holding Registers
4 Read Input Registers
5 Write Single Coil
6 Write Single Register
15 Write Multiple Coils
16 Write Multiple Registers

Type~

Type Description
raw Return or send the slave data as a raw values
bit Return or send the slave data as a bit values
hex Return or send the slave data as a hex values
float Return or send the slave data as floats
uint8 Return or send the slave data as an 8 bits unsigned int
uint32 Return or send the slave data as a 32 bits unsigned int
uint16 Return or send the slave data as a 16 bits unsigned int
uint32 Return or send the slave data as a 32 bits unsigned int
int8 Return or send the slave data as an 8 bits signed int
int16 Return or send the slave data as a 16 bits signed int
int32 Return or send the slave data as a 32 bits signed int

Additional commands for USE_MODBUS_BRIDGE_TCP~

Command Parameters
ModbusTCPStart <port> = start the Modbus TCP bridge on the specified port
ModbusTCPConnect <port>,<ip_address> = connect to a remote Modbus TCP server on remote tcp portĖ™ and ip_address
ModbusTCPMqtt <x> = send results queried by tcp modbus client also to mqtt when parameter is 1

Returned Data~

{"ModbusReceived":{"DeviceAddress":<value>,"FunctionCode":<value>,"StartAddress":<value>,"Length":<value>,"Count":<value>,"Values":[value1,value2,value3,valueN]}}

In raw mode, only the data is returned, no other fields.

Error Codes~

There are 2 types of errors, errors from the tasmotamodbus driver and errors from this Modbusbridge module.

Module Errors~

Errors from this Modbus bridge module can be recognized by MBS: MBR Send error or MBS: MBR Recv error at the start of the errormessage.

Errorcode Description
1 nodataexpected
2 wrongdeviceaddress
3 wrongfunctioncode
4 wrongstartaddress
5 wrongtype
6 wrongregistercount
7 wrongcount
8 tomanydata

Driver Errors~

Errors from the tasmotamodbus driver can be recognized by MBS: MBR Driver error

Errorcode Description
1 Illegal Function
2 Illegal Data Address
3 Illegal Data Value
4 Slave Error
5 Acknowledge but not finished (no error)
6 Slave Busy
7 Not enough minimal data received
8 Memory Parity error
9 Crc error
10 Gateway Path Unavailable
11 Gateway Target device failed to respond
12 Wrong register count
13 Register data not specified

Example of use~

Requesting 4 holding registers starting from register 1 from slave address

Register 1~

On command:

ModBusSend {"deviceaddress": 1, "functioncode": 3, "startaddress": 1, "type":"uint16", "count":4}

Response:

RSL: RESULT = {"ModbusSend":"Done"}
RSL: RESULT = {"ModbusReceived":{"DeviceAddress":1,"FunctionCode":3,"StartAddress":1,"Length":13,"Count":4,"Values":[65282,65028,65280,65024]}}

Set coil register 1 of slaveaddress 1 to ON:~

On command:

ModBusSend {"deviceaddress": 1, "functioncode": 5, "startaddress": 1, "type":"bit", "count":1, "values":[1]}
Response:
RSL: RESULT = {"ModbusSend":"Done"}
RSL: RESULT = {"ModbusReceived":{"DeviceAddress":1,"FunctionCode":5,"StartAddress":1,"Length":8,"Count":1,"Values":[255]}}

Setting multiple coils starting from coil register 1 from slave address 1~

On command:

ModBusSend {"deviceaddress": 1, "functioncode": 15, "startaddress": 1, "type":"bit", "count":8, "values":[1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0]}
Response:
RSL: RESULT = {"ModbusSend":"Done"}
RSL: RESULT = {"ModbusReceived":{"DeviceAddress":1,"FunctionCode":15,"StartAddress":1,"Length":8,"Count":1}}

Additional resources~

Tasmota Pull Request
Modbus Protocol
More Modbus information