Scripting~

#ifndef USE_SCRIPT
#define USE_SCRIPT  // adds about 17k flash size, variable ram size
#endif
#ifdef USE_RULES
#undef USE_RULES
#endif  

To enter a script, go to Consoles -> Edit Script in the Tasmota web UI menu (for version before 9.4, go to Configuration -> Edit script)

To save code space almost no error messages are provided. However it is taken care of that at least it should not crash on syntax errors.

Features~

• Up to 50 variables (45 numeric and 5 strings - this may be changed by setting a compilation #define directive)
• Freely definable variable names (all variable names are intentionally case sensitive)
• Nested if,then,else up to a level of 8
• Math operators +,-,*,/,%,&,|,^,<<,>>
• All operators may be used in the op= form, e.g., +=
• Comparison operators ==,!=,>,>=,<,<=
• and , or support
• Hexadecimal numbers with prefix 0x are supported
• Strings support + and += operators
• Support for \n \r regular expressions on strings
• String comparison ==, !=
• String size is 19 characters (default). This can be increased or decreased by the optional parameter on the D section definition

Script Interpreter~

• Execution is strictly sequential, line by line
• Evaluation is left to right with optional brackets
• All numbers are float, e.g., temp=hum*(100/37.5)+temp-(timer*hum%10)
• No spaces are allowed between math operators
• Comments start with ;

Script buffer size~

the script language normally shares script buffer with rules buffer which is 1536 chars. with below options script buffer size may be expanded. PVARS is size for permanent vars.

most useful definition for larger scripts would be

ESP8266~

with 1M flash only default compressed mode should be used (or an SDCARD)
a special mode can be enabled for 8192 chars by defining #define USE_EEPROM, #define EEP_SCRIPT_SIZE 8192
however this has some side effects. the script may be deleted on firware OTA or serial update and may have to be reinstalled after update.

with 4M Flash best mode would be
#define USE_UFILESYS
with linker file "eagle.flash.4m2m.ld"

ESP32~

with all linker files
#define USE_UFILESYS

script init error codes~

after initialization the script reports some info in the console e.g:
09:25:26.607 SCR: nv=4, tv=1, vns=21, vmem=2127, smem=6200, gmem=480, tmem=8828
nv = number of used variables in total (numeric and strings)
tv = number of used string variables
vns = total size of name strings in bytes (may not exceed 255) or #define SCRIPT_LARGE_VNBUFF extents the size to 4095

vmem = used heap ram by the script (psram if available)
smem = used script (text) memory (psram if available)
gmem = used script global static memory
tmem = used script memory total

if the script init fails an error code is reported:
-4 = not enough memory
-5 = variable name length too long in total
-6 = too many arrays defined
-7 = not enough memory

number of variables is only limited by RAM. you will probably get a memory error when you define to many variables. you may increase the number of allowed array and the maximum string size defines in user_config_override
defaults and override defines:
Number of filters (arrays) = 5 (override #define MAXFILT)
Max string size = 20 (increase with >D size up to default default 48) (override #define SCRIPT_MAXSSIZE)

Optional external editor~

you may use a special external editor with syntax highlighting to edit the scripts. (mac and pc) you may use any number of comments and indents to make it better readable. then with cmd r the script is transferred to the ESP and immediately started. (all comments and indents are removed before transferring) see further info and download here

Visual Studio Code Extension~

If you're used to working with Visual Studio Code, you can use this extension to edit your scripts with the benefit of various helpful features, such as, for example, Syntax Highlighting, Automatic script upload, #define, ifdef and ifndef preprocessor macros, Code Folding, Code Snippet and Hover hints on tasmota functions and variables documentation.

Console Commands~

script <n> : 0 = switch script off; 1 = switch script on 8 = switch stop on error off; 9 = switch stop on error on script ><cmdline> execute
- Can be used to set variables, e.g., script >mintmp=15
- Multiple statements can be specified by separating each with a semicolon, e.g. script >mintmp=15;maxtemp=40

script?<var> queries a script variable var

scriptsize N sets the amount of script source code allowed between 1000 and max defined during compile (with #define UFSYS_SIZE)

• The script itself can't be specified because the size would not fit the MQTT buffers

Script Sections~

Section descriptors (e.g., >E) are case sensitive
a valid script must start with >D in the first line
>D ssize
ssize = optional max string size (default=19, max=48 unless increased with #define SCRIPT_MAXSSIZE)
define and init variables here, must be the first section, no other code allowed
p:vname
specifies permanent variables. The number of permanent variables is limited by Tasmota rules space (50 bytes) - numeric variables are 4 bytes; string variables are one byte longer than the length of string. p vars are stored sequentially in the order of defintion. therefore when specifing permanent variables, add newly defined ones always at the end of already defined p vars. otherwise variables are mixed up and string variables may even be destroyed.
t:vname
specifies countdown timers, if >0 they are decremented in seconds until zero is reached. see example below
i:vname
specifies auto increment counters if =0 (in seconds)
g:vname
specifies global variable which is linked to all global variables with the same definition on all devices in the homenet. when a variable is updated in one device it is instantly updated in all other devices. if a section >G exists it is executed when a variable is updated from another device (this is done via UDP-multicast, so not always reliable) the global variable receiver may be reset by cmd gvr
I:vname
specifies an integer 32 bit variable instead of float. (limited support) integer constants must be preceeded by '#'
m:vname
specifies a median filter variable with 5 entries (for elimination of outliers)
M:vname
specifies a moving average filter variable with 8 entries (for smoothing data, should be also used to define arrays)
(max 5 filters in total m+M) optional another filter length (1..127) can be given after the definition.
Filter vars can be accessed also in indexed mode vname[x] (x = 1..N, x = 0 returns current array index pointer (may be set also), x = -1 returns array length, x = -2 returns array average) Using this filter, vars can be used as arrays, #define LARGE_ARRAYS allows for arrays up to 1000 entries
array may also be permanent by specifying an extra :p
m:p:vname
defines a permanent array. Keep in mind however that in 1M Flash standard configurations you only have 50 bytes permanent storage which stands for a maximum of 12 numbers. (see list above for permanent storage in other configurations)
arrays may also be preset in auto increment mode array=X sets the value at index array[0] and increments the index by 1.
array = {x y z} sets 3 values in an array from index array[0]

>B
executed on BOOT time before sensors are initialized and on save script

>BS
executed on BOOT time after sensors are initialized

>E
Executed when a Tasmota MQTT RESULT message is received, e.g., on POWER change. Also Zigbee reports to this section.

>F
Executed every 100 ms

>S
Executed every second

>R
Executed on restart. p vars are saved automatically after this call

>T
Executed at least at TelePeriod time (SENSOR and STATE) but mostly faster up to every 100 ms, only put tele- vars in this section
Remark: JSON variable names (like all others) may not contain math operators like - , you should set SetOption64 1 to replace - (dash) with _ (underscore). Zigbee sensors will not report to this section, use E instead.

>H
Alexa Hue interface (up to 32 virtual hue devices) (example)
device,type,onVars
Remark: hue values have a range from 0-65535. Divide by 182 to assign HSBcolors hue values.

device device name
type device type - E = extended color; S = switch
onVars assign Hue "on" extended color parameters for hue, saturation, brightness, and color temperature (hue,sat,bri,ct) to scripter variables

>h passcode
Siri Homekit interface (up to 16 virtual Homekit devices)
passcode = 111-11-111 keep this format, numbers 0-9
name,type,opt,var1,var2...

name device name (max 23 characters)
type device type (HAP_CID)
- 7 = outlet, on/off
- 5 = light, on/off,hue,sat,bri
- 10 = sensor

opt sensor type
- 0 = Temperature,val
- 1 = Humidity,val
- 2 = Light level,val
- 3 = Battery status,level,low battery,charging
- 4 = Ambient light level with extended range -10000,+10000
- 5 = Contact Sensor (switch)

var1 ... variable name (max 11 characters) the variables denote scripting variables that need to be set by script
the special variables
@px x (1..9) directly set, read power states e.g. relays
@sx x (1..9) directly read switch state
@bx x (1..9) directly read button state

>U
JSON messages from cmd status arrive here

>C
HTML messages arrive here (on web user io event, (if defined USE_HTML_CALLBACK))

>G
global variable updated section

>P
any power change triggers here (if defined SCRIPT_POWER_SECTION)

>jp
https webpage json parse arrives here

>ti1
>ti2
>ti3
>ti4
ticker callback after timer expiration

>b (note lower case)
executed on button state change

bt[x]
read button state (x = 1.. MAX_KEYS)

>D
tmp=0
>b
tmp=bt[1]
if tmp==0  
then  
print falling edge of button1  
endif  
if tmp==1  
then  
print rising edge of button1  
endif

>J
The lines in this section are published via MQTT in a JSON payload on TelePeriod. Requires compiling with #define USE_SCRIPT_JSON_EXPORT.

>W
The lines in this section are displayed in the web UI main page. Requires compiling with #define USE_SCRIPT_WEB_DISPLAY.

You may put any html code here.

• Variables may be substituted using %var%
• HTML statements are displayed in the sensor section of the main page
• HTML statements preceded with a @ are displayed at the top of the page
• HTML statements preceded with a $ are displayed in the main section
• USER IO elements are displayed at the top of the page

optionally these sections may be used
>WS
- HTML statements are displayed in the sensor section of the main page

>WM
- HTML statements are displayed in the main section of the main page

for next loops are supported to repeat HTML code (precede with % char) %for var from to inc %next

but this method is preferred: script subroutines may be called sub=name of subroutine, like normal subroutines %=#sub in this subroutine a web line may be sent by wcs (see below) thus allowing dynamic HTML pages

=#sub(x) in any position of webline calls subroutine. this allows inserting content

insa(array) in any position insert all elements from an array comma separated

%/file calls a file from the file system and send its content to browser. in this file any cmds may apply.

A web user interface may be generated containing any of the following elements:

remark: state variable names used for IO in the web interface may not contain an underscore.
Button:
bu(vn txt1 txt2) (up to 4 buttons may be defined in one row)
vn = name of variable to hold button state
txt1 = text of ON state of button
txt2 = text of OFF state of button

Pulldown:
pd(vn label (xs) txt1 txt2 ... txtn)
vn = name of variable to hold selected state
label = label text
xs = optional xs (default 200) txt1 = text of 1. entry
txt2 = text of 2. entry and so on

Radio button:
rb(vn label (xs) txt1 txt2 ... txtn)
vn = name of variable to hold selected state
label = label text
xs = optional xs (default 200) txt1 = text of 1. entry
txt2 = text of 2. entry and so on

Checkbox:
ck(vn txt (xs))
vn = name of variable to hold checkbox state
txt = label text
xs = optional xs (default 200)

Slider:
sl(min max vn ltxt mtxt rtxt)
min = slider minimum value
max = slider maximum value
vn = name of variable to hold slider value
ltxt = label left of slider
mtxt = label middle of slider
rtxt = label right of slider

Text Input:
tx(vn lbl (xs) (type min max))
vn = name of string variable to hold text state
lbl = label text
xs = optional xs (default 200)
type min max = optional strings type = e.g "datetime-local" for date+time selector, min, max = date-time min max range

Time Input:
tm(vn lbl (xs))
vn = name of number variable to hold time HHMM as number e.g. 1900 means 19:00
lbl = label text
xs = optional xs (default 70)

Number Input:
nm(min max step vn txt (xs) (prec))
min = number minimum value
max = number maximum value
step = number step value for up/down arrows
vn = name of number variable to hold number
txt = label text
xs = optional xs (default 200)
prec = optional number precision (default 1)

special html options:
so(flags)
WSO_NOCENTER = 1 force elements not centered
WSO_NODIV = 2 force elements not in extra \<div>
WSO_FORCEPLAIN = 4 send line in plain (no table elements)
WSO_FORCEMAIN = 8 send lines in main mode ($ mode)

Google Charts:
google chart support requires arrays and to make sense also permanent arrays. Therefore on 4M Flash Systems the use of USE_UFILESYS is recommended while on 1 M Flash Systems the special EEPROM mode should be used (see above). other options may also be needed like LARGE_ARRAYS

draws a google chart with up to 4 data sets per chart
gc(T (size) array1 ... array4 "name" "label1" ... "label4" "entrylabels" "header" {"maxy1"} {"maxy2"})
T = type
- b=barchart
- c=columnchart
- cs=columnchart stacked - C=combochart
- p=piechart
- l=linechart up to 4 lines with same scaling
- l2=linechart with exactly 2 lines and 2 y scales (must be given at end)
- lf2 like above but with splined lines
- h=histogram
- t=data table
- g=simple gauges (must give extra 3 vars after header, yellow start, red start, maxval)
- T=Timeline (special type arrays contains start,stop pairs in minutes timeofday)

b,l,h type may have the '2' option to specify exactly 2 arrays with 2 y scales given at the end of parameter list.

a very individual chart may be specified by splitting the chart definition and inserting the chart options directly see example below

size = optional size, allows to use only part of an array, must be lower then array size

array = up to 4 arrays of data
name = name of chart
label = label for up to the 4 datasets in chart
entrylabel = labels of each x axis entry separated by '|' char
("cntN" starts numbering entries with the number N an optional /X generates numbers divided by X. Produce labels that cycle through the array indexes, starting with the number N. For instance, "cnt6" with an array of length 8 will produce the labels 6|7|0|1|2|3|4|5| Using "cntN/X" will then divide the numeric value of the label, so "cnt6/2" with an array of length 8 will produce the labels 3|3|0|0|1|1|2|2|) ("wdh: before a week definition generates a week with full hours)
header = visible header name of chart
the curve displayed in google chart starts at array index (array[0]) so array index must be set also. thus the displayed curve may be shifted to the desired position by adjusting the array index.

additionally you have to define the html frame to put the chart in (both lines must be preceded by a $ char) e.g.

$<div id="chart1"style="width:640px;height:480px;margin:0 auto"></div>
  $gc(c array1 array2 "wr" "pwr1" "pwr2" "mo|di|mi|do|fr|sa|so" "Solar feed")

you may define more then one chart. The charts id is chart1 ... chartN

very customized chart definition:
define a chart like above, but add a t to the definition
this generates a google table from the arrays e.g.:
&gc(lt array1 array2 "wr" "pwr1" "pwr2" "mo|di|mi|do|fr|sa|so")

then define the options for the graph as from the doku of google e.g.:
$var options = {
$vAxes:{0:{maxValue:40,title:'Außentemperatur'},1:{maxValue:60,title:'Solarspeicher'}},
$series:{0:{targetAxisIndex:0},1:{targetAxisIndex:1}},
$hAxis: {title: 'Wochenverlauf'},
$};
then gc(e) closes the definition
$gc(e)

>w ButtonLabel generates a button with the name "ButtonLabel" in Tasmota main menu.
Clicking this button displays a web page with the HTML data of this section. all cmds like in >W apply here. these lines are refreshed frequently to show e.g. sensor values. lines preceded by $ are static and not refreshed and displayed below lines without $.
this option also enables a full webserver interface when USE_UFILESYS is active.
you may display files from the flash or SD filesystem by specifying the url: IP/ufs/path . (supported files: *.jpg, *.html, *.txt)
>w1 >w2 >w3 >w4 >w5 >w6 some as above >w
Requires compiling with #define SCRIPT_FULL_WEBPAGE.

>M
Smart Meter Interface

If a variable does not exist, ??? is displayed for commands

If a Tasmota SENSOR or STATUS or RESULT message is not generated or a Var does not exist the destination variable is NOT updated.

Special Variables~

(read only)
upsecs = seconds since start
uptime = minutes since start
time = minutes since midnight
sunrise = sunrise minutes since midnight
sunset = sunset minutes since midnight
tper = TelePeriod (may be set also)
cbs = command text buffer size for tasmota cmds (default 256) (may be set also)
tstamp = timestamp (local date and time)
topic = mqtt topic
maca = current MAC Address
gtopic = mqtt group topic
lip = local ip as string
luip = udp ip as string (from updating device when USE_SCRIPT_GLOBVARS defined)
prefixn = prefix n = 1-3
frnm = friendly name
dvnm = device name
pwr[x] = power state (x = 1..N)
npwr = number of tasmota power devices
pc[x] = pulse counter value (x = 1..4)
tbut[x] = touch screen button state (x = 1..N)
sw[x] = switch state (x = 0..N) (Switch1 = sw[0])
bt[x] = button state (x = 1..N) only valid in section b (if defined USE_BUTTON_EVENT)
pin[x] = GPIO pin level (x = 0..16)
pn[x] = GPIO for sensor code x. 99 if none
pd[x] = defined sensor for GPIO x. 999 if none
adc(fac (pin)) = get adc value (on ESP32 can select pin) fac is number of averaged samples (power of 2: 0..7)
sht[x] = shutter position (x = 1..N) (if defined USE_SHUTTER)
gtmp = global temperature
ghum = global humidity
gprs = global pressure
pow(x y) = calculates exponential powers x^y (imprecise version only)
med(n x) = calculates a 5 value median filter of x (2 filters possible n=0,1)
int(x) = gets the integer part of x (like floor)
floor(x) = gets the integer part of x
ceil(x) = gets the integer + 1 part of x
round(x) = round to nearest integer x
i(x) = convert float x to integer
f(x) = convert integer x to float
hn(x) = converts x (0..255) to a hex nibble string
hni(x) = converts integer x (0..255) to a hex nibble string
hx(x) = converts x (0..4294967295, 32-bit) to a hex string
hxi(x) = converts integer x (0..4294967295, 32-bit) to a hex string
hd("hstr") = converts hex number string to a decimal number
af(array index) = converts 4 bytes of an array at index index to float number
as(array) = sort array
sas(index) = sort string array (is, is1, is2, index = 1,2,3)
hf("hstr") = converts hex float number string to a decimal number
hf("hstr" r) = converts hex float number string (reverse byte order) to a decimal number
st(svar c n) or = st(svar 'c' n)string token - retrieve the n^th element of svar delimited by c,
ins(s1 s2) = check if string s2 is contained in string s1, return -1 if not contained or position of contained string
sl(svar) = gets the length of a string
asc(svar) = gets the binary value of 1. char of a string
sb(svar p n) = gets a substring from svar at position p (if p<0 counts from end) and length n
is(num "string1|string2|....|stringn|") = defines a string array optionally preset with immediate strings separated by '|' (this immediate string may be up to 255 chars long) num = 0 read only string array, num > 0 number of elements in read write string array
is[index] = gets string index from string array, if read-write also write string of index
is1(..), is2(...) string array see above
is1[x], is2[x] string array see above
rr() = returns the reset reason of last restart (as string)
s2hms(S), converts seconds to HH:MM:SS string
sin(x) = calculates the sinus(x) (if defined USE_ANGLE_FUNC)
cos(x) = calculates the cosinus(x) (if defined USE_ANGLE_FUNC)
acos(x) = calculates the acos(x) (if defined USE_ANGLE_FUNC)
sqrt(x) = calculates the sqrt(x) (if defined USE_ANGLE_FUNC)
abs(x) = calculates the absolute value of x
mpt(x) = measure pulse time, x>=0 defines pin to use, -1 returns low pulse time,-2 return high pulse time (if defined USE_ANGLE_FUNC)
rnd(x) = return a random number between 0 and x, (seed may be set by rnd(-x))
sf(F) = sets the CPU Frequency (ESP32) to 80,160,240 Mhz, returns current Freq.
s(x) = explicit conversion from number x to string may be preceded by precision digits e.g. s(2.2x) = use 2 digits before and after decimal point

I2C support #define USE_SCRIPT_I2C
ia(AA), ia2(AA) test and set I2C device with address AA (on BUS 1 or 2), returns 1 if device is present
iw(aa val) , iw1(aa val), iw2(aa val), iw3(aa val)write val to register aa (1..3 bytes), if in aa bit 15 is set no destination register is transfered (needed for some devices), if bit 14 is set byte order is reversed
ir(aa), ir1(aa), ir2(aa), ir3(aa) read 1..3 bytes from register aa

Onewire support #define USE_SCRIPT_ONEWIRE
support for onewire either directly or via serial port with onewire bus driver DS2480B
ow(SEL <opt PAR>) SEL 0 = init bus with pin number N (if bit 15 ist set, select serial DS2480B, lsb = rec pin, msb = trx pin)
SEL 1 = reset cmd
SEL 2 = skip cmd
SEL 3 = write PAR
SEL 4 = read
SEL 5 = reset search cmd
SEL 6 = search cmd addr index PAR
SEL 7 = select cmd addr index PAR SEL 8 = select and set bits index PAR
SEL 9 = select and read word index PAR bit 7 = 0 start, bit 7 = 1 read result
SEL 10-18 = get byte (1-8) of adress from index PAR
SEL 99 = delete bus driver

Serial IO support #define USE_SCRIPT_SERIAL
so(RXPIN TXPIN BR) open serial port with RXPIN, TXPIN and baud rate BR with 8N1 serial mode (-1 for pin means don't use)
so(RXPIN TXPIN BR MMM) open serial port with RXPIN, TXPIN and baud rate BR and serial mode e.g 7E2 (all 3 modechars must be specified)
so(RXPIN TXPIN BR MMM BSIZ) open serial port with RXPIN, TXPIN and baud rate BR and serial mode e.g 7E2 (all 3 modechars must be specified) and serial IRW buffer size
sc() close serial port
sw(STR) write the string STR to serial port
swb(NUM) write the number char code NUM to serial port
sa() returns number of bytes available on port
sr() read a string from serial port, all available chars up to string size
sr(X) read a string from serial port until charcode X, all available chars up to string size or until charcode X
srb() read a number char code from serial port
sp() read a number char code from serial port, don't remove it from serial input (peek)
sra(ARRAY (flags)) fill an array from serial port, if USE_SML_M is enabled and Array size is 8 it is assumed to be a MODBUS request and the checksum is evaluated, if OK 8 is returned, else -2, or if flags is set Modbus response is assumed and checksum is calculated, 0 = standard Modbus, 1 = Rec BMA mode, return -2 on checksum error a

sra(ARRAY (flags)) fill an array from serial port, if USE_SML_M is enabled and Array size is 8 it is assumed to be a MODBUS request and the checksum is evaluated, if OK 8 is returned, else -2, or if flags is set Modbus response is assumed and ckum is calculated, 0 = standard Modbus, 1 = Rec BMA mode
swa(ARRAY len (flags)) send len bytes of an array to serial port, if flags is set Modbus cmd is assumed and cksum is calculated, 0 = standard Modbus, 1 = Rec BMA mode
smw(ADDR MODE NUMBER) send a value with checksum to MODBUS Address, MODE 0 = uint16, 1 = uint32, 3 = float

SPI IO support #define USE_SCRIPT_SPI
spi(0 SCLK MOSI MISO) defines a software SPI port with pin numbers used for SCLK, MOSI, MISO.
spi(0 -1 freq) defines a hardware SPI port with pin numbers defined by Tasmota GPIO definition with bus frequency in Mhz.
spi(0 -2 freq) defines a hardware SPI port 2 on ESP32 with pin numbers defined by Tasmota GPIO definition.
spi(1 N GPIO) sets the CS pin with index N (1..4) to pin Nr GPIO.
spi(2 N ARRAY LEN S) sends and receives an ARRAY with LEN values with S (1..3) (8,16,24 bits) if N==-1 CS is ignored. If S=4, CS is raised after each byte.

TCP server support #define USE_SCRIPT_TCP_SERVER
wso(port) start a tcp stream server at port
wsc() close tcp stream server
wsa() return bytes available on tcp stream
wsrs() return a string read from tcp stream
wsws(string) writes a string to tcp stream
wsra(array) reads a tcp stream into array
wswa(array num (type)) writes num bytes of array to tcp stream, type: 0 = uint8 (default), 1 = uint16, 2 = sint16, 3 = float

ttget(TNUM SEL) get tasmota timer setting from timer TNUM (1 .. 16)
SEL:
0 = time
1 = time window
2 = repeat
3 = days
4 = device
5 = power
6 = mode
7 = arm
mqtts = MQTT connection status: 0 = disconnected, >0 = connected
wbut = button status of watch side button (if defined USE_TTGO_WATCH)
wdclk = double tapped on display (if defined USE_TTGO_WATCH)
wtch(sel) = gets state from touch panel sel=0 => touched, sel=1 => x position, sel=2 => y position (if defined USE_TTGO_WATCH)
slp(time) = sleep time in seconds, pos values => light sleep, neg values => deep sleep (if defined USE_TTGO_WATCH)
pl("path") = play mp3 audio from filesystem (if defined USE_I2S_AUDIO or USE_TTGO_WATCH or USE_M5STACK_CORE2)
say("text") = plays specified text to speech (if defined USE_I2S_AUDIO or USE_TTGO_WATCH or USE_M5STACK_CORE2)
c2ps(sel val) = gets, sets values on ESP32 CORE2 sel=0 green led, sel=1 vibration motor, sel=2,3,4 get touch button state 1,2,3 (if defined USE_M5STACK_CORE2)
rec(path seconds) = rec n seconds wav audio file from i2s microphone to filesystem path (if defined USE_I2S_AUDIO or USE_M5STACK_CORE2)
pwmN(-pin freq) = defines a pwm channel N (1..N) with pin Nr and frequency (pin 0 being -64, N=5 with esp8266 and N=8 with esp32)
pwmN(val) = outputs a pwm signal on channel N (1..N) with val (0-1023)
wifis = Wi-Fi connection status: 0 = disconnected, >0 = connected

wcs = send this line to webpage (WebContentSend)
wcf = flushes the web buffer (WSContentFlush)
wfs = send this file to webpage
rapp = append this line to MQTT (ResponseAppend)
wm = contains source of web request code e.g. 0 = Sensor display (FUNC_WEB_SENSOR)

acp(dst src) = copy array, if src is numeric variable or constant array dst is filled with this value

knx(code value) = sends a number value to KNX

sml(m 0 bd) = set SML baud rate of Meter m to bd (baud)
sml(m 1 htxt) = send SML Hex string htxt as binary to Meter m
sml(-m 1 initstr) = reinits serial port of Meter m, initstr: "baud:mode" e.g. "9600:8E1", currently only baud and N,E,O are evaluated.
sml(m 2) = reads serial data received by Meter m into string (if m<0 reads hex values, else asci values) sml(m 3 hstr) = inserts SML Hexstring variable hstr as binary to Meter m in Output stream e.g. for special MODBUS cmds, hstr must be a string variable NO string constant
sml[n] = get value of SML energy register n
smls[m] = get value of SML meter string info of meter m, if m < 0 gets string representation of numeric value of decode line m, this enables double number resolution.
smlv[n] = get SML decode valid status of line n (1..N), returns 1 if line decoded. n=0 resets all status codes to zero smld(m) = call decoder of meter m
smlj = read or write variable, when 0 disables MQTT output of SML.
enrg[n] = get value of energy register n 0=total, 1..3 voltage of phase 1..3, 4..6 current of phase 1..3, 7..9 power of phase 1..3, 10=start energy, 11=daily energy, 12=energy yesterday (if defined USE_ENERGY_SENSOR)
gjp("host" "path") = trigger HTTPS JSON page read as used by Tesla Powerwall (if defined SCRIPT_GET_HTTPS_JP)
gwr("del" index (ec)) = gets non JSON element from webresponse del = delimiter char or string, index = n´th element, optional end character delimiter ec. (if defined USE_WEBSEND_RESPONSE)
http("url" "payload") = does a GET or POST request on a URL (http:// is internally added) tsN(ms) = set up to 4 timers (N=1..4) to millisecond time on expiration triggers section >tiN (if defined USE_SCRIPT_TIMER)
hours = hours
mins = mins
secs = seconds
day = day of month
wday = day of week (Sunday=1,Monday=2;Tuesday=3;Wednesday=4,Thursday=5,Friday=6,Saturday=7)
month = month
year = year
epoch = epoch time (from 2019-1-1 00:00:00)
epoffs = set epoch offset, (must be no longer then 2 years to fit into single float with second precision)
eres = result of >E section set this var to 1 in section >E to tell Tasmota event is handled (prevents MQTT)

The following variables are cleared after reading true:
chg[var] = true if a variables value was changed (numeric vars only)
diff[var] = difference since last variable update
upd[var] = true if a variable was updated
boot = true on BOOT
tinit = true on time init
tset = true on time set
mqttc = true on mqtt connect
mqttd = true on mqtt disconnect
wific = true on Wi-Fi connect
wifid = true on Wi-Fi disconnect

System variables (for debugging)
stack = stack size
heap = free heap size
pheap = PSRAM free heap size (ESP32)
core = current core (0 or 1) (ESP32)
ram = used ram size
slen = script length
freq = cpu frequency
micros = running microseconds
millis = running milliseconds
loglvl = loglevel of script cmds (may be set also)

Remarks:
If you define a variable with the same name as a special variable that special variable is discarded

Commands~

=> <command> Execute cmd with MQTT output enabled
-> <command> Execute cmd with MQTT output disabled, recursion disabled. Do not send MQTT or log messages (i.e., silent execute - useful to reduce traffic)
+> <command> Execute cmd with MQTT output enabled, recursion enabled.

Variable Substitution
- A single percent sign must be given as %%
- Variable replacement within commands is allowed using %varname%. Optionally, the decimal places precision for numeric values may be specified by placing a digit (%Nvarname%, N = 0..9) in front of the substitution variable (e.g., Humidity: %3hum%%% will output Humidity: 43.271%)
- instead of variables arbitrary calculations my be inserted by bracketing %N(formula)%
- Linefeed, tab and carriage return may be defined by \n, \t and \r

Special commands:
print or =>print prints to the log for debugging
A Tasmota MQTT RESULT message invokes the script's E section. Add print statements to debug a script.

>E
slider=Dimmer
power=POWER

if upd[slider]>0
then
print slider updated %slider%
endif

if upd[power]>0
then
print power updated %power%
endif

break exits a section or terminates a for next loop
dpx sets decimal precision to x (0-9)
dpx.y sets preceding digits to x and decimal precision to y (0-9), the delimiter also sets the decimal point character to . or ,
dp(x y) sets preceding digits to x and decimal precision to y, the delimter if space sets decimal point character to ., a comma sets the point o comma
svars save permanent vars
delay(x) pauses x milliseconds (should be as short as possible)
beep(f l) (ESP32) beeps with a passive piezo beeper. beep(-f 0) attaches PIN f to the beeper, beep(f l) starts a sound with frequency f (Hz) and len l (ms). f=0 stops the sound.
spin(x b) set GPIO x (0..16) to value b (0,1). Only bit 0 of b is used - even values set the GPIO to 0 and uneven values set the GPIO to 1
spinm(x m) set GPIO x (0..16) to mode m (input=0, output=1, input with pullup=2,alternatively b may be: O=out, I=in, P=in with pullup)
ws2812(array dstoffset) copies an array (defined with m:vname) to the WS2812 LED chain. The array length should be defined as long as the number of pixels. Color is coded as 24 bit RGB. optionally the destination offset in the LED chain may be given
if dstoffset is flagged by 0x1000, 2 values 16 bits each in an array are used for 32 bit RGBW pixels hsvrgb(h s v) converts hue (0..360), saturation (0..100) and value (0..100) to RGB color
dt display text command (if #define USE_DISPLAY)

Subroutines and Parameters #name names a subroutine. Subroutine is called with =#name
#name(param) names a subroutine with a parameter.
Each parameter variable must be declared in the '>D' section.
A subroutine with multiple parameters is declared as '#name(p1 p2 p3)', i.e. spaces between parameters.
A subroutine is invoked with =#name(param) or '=#name(p1 p2)
Invoking a subroutine sets the parameter variable to the corresponding expression of the invocation. This means that parameter variables have script wide scope, i.e. they are not local variables to the subroutine.
Subroutines end with the next # or > line or break. Subroutine invocations may be nested (each level uses about 600 bytes stack space, so nesting level should not exceed 4). Parameters can be numbers or strings and on type mismatch are converted.

If #define USE_SCRIPT_SUB_COMMAND is included in your user_config_override.h, a subroutine may be invoked via the Console or MQTT using the subroutine's name. For example, a declared subroutine #SETLED(num) may be invoked by typing SETLED 1 in the Console. The parameter 1 is passed into the num argument. This also works with string parameters. since Tasmota capitalizes all commands you must use upper case labels.

It is possible to "replace" internal Tasmota commands. For example, if a #POWER1(num) subroutine is declared, the command POWER1 is processed in the scripter instead of in the main Tasmota code.

String parameter should be passed within double quotas: CUSTOMCMD "Some string here"

=(svar) executes a routine whose name is passed as a string in a variable (dynamic or self modifying code). The string has to start with > or =# for the routine to be executed.

a subroutine may return a value (number or string):
return var

a subroutine is called with: var=#sub(x) when returning a value
or
=#sub(x) when not returning a value

D
svar="=#subroutine"

S
=(svar)

#subroutine
print subroutine was executed

For loop (loop count must not be less than 1, no direct nesting supported)

for var <from> <to> <inc>  
next  

Switch selector (numeric or string)

switch x  
case a  
case b  
ends  

Conditional Statements
There are two syntax alternatives. You may NOT mix both formats.

if a==b  
and x==y  
or k==i  
then = do this  
else = do that  
endif  

or

if a==b  
and x==y  
or k==i {  
  = do this  
} else {  
  = do that  
}  

Remarks:
The last closing bracket must be on a separate line
Calculations are permitted in conditional expressions, e.g.,

if var1-var2==var3*var4

Conditional expressions may be enclosed in parentheses. The statement must be on a single line. e.g.,

if ((a==b) and ((c==d) or (c==e)) and (s!="x"))

Mapping Function

mp(x cond1 result1 cond2 result2 ... cond<n> result<n>)  

Example 1: y=mp(x <8 0)
           This mapping reads: If x is less than 8 return 0, otherwise return x
                                                          .
Example 2: y=mp(x >100 100)
           This mapping reads: If x is greater than 100 return 100, otherwise x.

Example 3: y=mp(x <8 0 >100 100)
           This mapping reads: Assigns 0 to y if x is less than 8. Assigns 100 to y if x is greater than 100. 
                               Assigns x to y for all values of x that do not meet the above criteria (8 to 100).
The above code of example 3 does the same as the following code - with just one line of code and 16 characters less:
y=x
if x<8 {
y=0
}
if x>100 {
y=100
}

sendmail [smtp.gmail.com:465:user:passwd:<sender@gmail.com>:<rec@gmail.com>:alarm] %string%

>D
>B
; create task 1 every 1000 ms on core 0
ct(1 1000 0)
; create task 2 every 3000 ms on core 1
ct(2 3000 1)

>t1
print task1 on core %core%

>t2
print task2 on core %core%

**ESP32 Webcam support**   
`#define USE_WEBCAM`  
Template for AI THINKER CAM :  
{"NAME":"AITHINKER CAM No SPI","GPIO":[4992,65504,65504,65504,65504,5088,65504,65504,65504,65504,65504,65504,65504,65504,5089,5090,0,5091,5184,5152,0,5120,5024,5056,0,0,0,0,4928,65504,5094,5095,5092,0,0,5093],"FLAG":0,"BASE":1}


remarks:  
- GPIO0 zero must be disconnected from any wire after programming because this pin drives the cam clock and does not tolerate any capacitive load  
- Only boards with PSRAM should be used. To enable PSRAM board should be se set to esp32cam in common32 of platform_override.ini  
board                   = esp32cam  
- To speed up cam processing CPU frequency should be better set to 240Mhz in common32 of platform_override.ini  
board_build.f_cpu       = 240000000L  

file system extension:  
`fwp(pnum fr)` write picture from RAM buffer number pnum to SD card file with file reference fr  
specific webcam commands:  
`res=wc(sel p1 p2)` control webcam, sel = function selector  p1 ... optional parameters  
`res=wc(0 pres)` init webcam with picture resolution pres, returns 0 when error, 2 when PSRAM found, else 1  
 pres  
* `0 = FRAMESIZE_QQVGA,    // 160x120`  
* `1 = FRAMESIZE_QQVGA2,   // 128x160`  
* `2 = FRAMESIZE_QCIF,     // 176x144`  
* `3 = FRAMESIZE_HQVGA,    // 240x176`  
* `4 = FRAMESIZE_QVGA,     // 320x240`  
* `5 = FRAMESIZE_CIF,      // 400x296`  
* `6 = FRAMESIZE_VGA,      // 640x480`  
* `7 = FRAMESIZE_SVGA,     // 800x600`  
* `8 = FRAMESIZE_XGA,      // 1024x768`  
* `9 = FRAMESIZE_SXGA,     // 1280x1024`  
* `10 = FRAMESIZE_UXGA,     // 1600x1200`  

`res=wc(1 bnum)` capture picture to rambuffer bnum (1..4), returns framesize of picture or 0 when error  
`res=wc(2 sel p1)` execute various controls, details below.  
`res=wc(3)` gets picture width  
`res=wc(4)` gets picture height  
`res=wc(5 p)` start stop streaming 0=stop, 1=start  
`res=wc(6 p)` start stop motion detector, p=0 => stop detector, p=T start detector with picture every T ms, -1 get picture difference, -2 get picture brightness  
`res=wc(7 p)` start stop face detector, p=0 => stop detector, p=T start detector with picture every T ms, -1 get number of faces found in picture (USE_FACE_DETECT must be defined)  

control cmds sel =  
* 0 fs = set frame size (see above for constants)    
* 1 se = set special effect  

  - `0 = no effect`  
  - `1 = negative`  
  - `2 = black and white`  
  - `3 = reddish`  
  - `4 = greenish`  
  - `5 = blue`  
  - `6 = retro`  

* 2 fl = set horizontal flip 0,1  
* 3 mi = set vertical mirror 0,1  

to read a value without setting pass -1

* extensions to the email system on ESP32  
`#define SEND_EMAIL` and `#define USE_ESP32MAIL`  
enables specific ESP32 mail server  
this server can handle more mail servers by supporting START_TLS  
remark:  mail addresses must not be enclosed with <> because the server inserts them automatically  
this server also supports email attachments  
in the >m section you may write  
&amp;/file.txt  to attach a file from SD card  
$N   N=1..4 to attach a picture from picture RAM buffer number N  

* displaying webcam pictures in WEBUI  
you may display a webcam picture by giving the name /wc.jpg?p=N (1..4) for RAM picturebuffer N  
"&lt;img src="/wc.jpg?p=1" alt="webcam image" >"  
you may also provide the picture size  (h and v have to be preset before)  
"&lt;img src="/wc.jpg?p=1" alt="webcam image" style="width:%w%px;height:%h%px;">"  
if you precede the line by & char the image is displayed in the main section, else in the sensor tab section  

the webcam stream can be specified by the following line  
lip is a system variable containing the local device ip   
"&&lt;br>"  
"&&lt;img src="http://%lip%:81/stream" style="width:%w%px;height:%h%px">"  
"&&lt;br>&lt;center>webcam stream"  

remark: the Flash illumination LED is connected to GPIO4

!!! example

>B
; init cam with QVGA
res=wc(0 4)
; get pixel size
w=wc(3)
h=wc(4)
; start motion detector, picture every 1000 ms
mot=wc(6 1000)

>S
if wific>0
then
; when wifi up, start stream
res=wc(5 1)
endif

; get motion detect diff value
mot=wc(6 -1)
; get picture brightnes
bri=wc(6 -2)

>W
<center>motion diff = %mot%<br>
<center>brightness = %bri%<br>
; show stream on WEBUI
&<br>
&<img src="http://%lip%:81/stream" style="width:%w%px;height:%h%px">
&<br><center>webcam stream

a valid script must start with >D in the first line!  
some samples still contain comment lines before >D. This is no longer valid!

>D
; in this section you may define and or preset variables, there are numbers or strings.
; in contrast to rules you may choose any variable name
; numeric variable
val1=1.234
; numeric variable that is preserved after reboot or power down
p:val2=0
; text variable
txt="hello world"

>B
; this section is executed durig boot or on script restart
print we are booting

>S
; this section is executed every second
print one second tick
; variables may be printed enclosed with % char, thus showing "hello world 1.234"
; very handy for debugging
print %txt% %val1%

; check if upcounting seconds give zero result when dividing by 10
; upsecs is a system defined variable that counts seconds from start

; you may use if then, else, endif
if upsecs%10==0
then
    print every 10 seconds
endif

; or if {} else {}
if upsecs%10==0 {
    print every 10 seconds
}

>R
; this section is executed on restart
print we are restarting

**Actually this code is too large**. This is only meant to show some of the possibilities

>D
; define all vars here
p:mintmp=10  (p:means permanent)
p:maxtmp=30
t:timer1=30  (t:means countdown timer)
t:mt=0
i:count=0  (i:means auto counter)
hello="hello world"
string="xxx"
url="[_IP_]";
hum=0
temp=0
zigbeetemp=0
timer=0
dimmer=0
sw=0
rssi=0
param=0

col=""
ocol=""
chan1=0
chan2=0
chan3=0

ahum=0
atemp=0
tcnt=0
hour=0
state=1
m:med5=0
M:movav=0
; define array with 10 entries
m:array=0 10

>B
string=hello+"how are you?"
print BOOT executed
print %hello%
=>mp3track 1

; list gpio pin definitions
for cnt 0 16 1
tmp=pd[cnt]
print %cnt% = %tmp%
next

; get gpio pin for relais 1
tmp=pn[21]
print relais 1 is on pin %tmp%

; pulse relais over raw gpio
spin(tmp 1)
delay(100)
spin(tmp 0)

; raw pin level
print level of gpio1 %pin[1]%

; pulse over tasmota cmd
=>power 1
delay(100)
=power 0

>T
hum=BME280#Humidity
temp=BME280#Temperature
rssi=Wifi#RSSI
string=SleepMode

; add to median filter
median=temp
; add to moving average filter
movav=hum

; show filtered results
print %median% %movav%

if chg[rssi]>0
then print rssi changed to %rssi%
endif

if temp>30
and hum>70
then print damn hot!
endif

=#siren(5)

; loop nesting workaround
; by using subroutine
#siren(num)
for cnt 1 num 1
=#stone
next

#stone
for tone 2000 1000 -20
beep(tone 10);
delay(12)
next

>S
; every second but not completely reliable time here
; use upsecs and uptime or best t: for reliable timers

; arrays
array[1]=4
array[2]=5
tmp=array[1]+array[2]

; call subrountines with parameters
=#sub1("hallo")
=#sub2(999)

; stop timer after expired
if timer1==0
then timer1=-1
print timer1 expired
endif

; auto counter with restart
if count=10
then print 10 seconds over
count=0
endif

if upsecs%5==0
then print %upsecs%  (every 5 seconds)
endif

; not recommended for reliable timers
timer+=1
if timer>=5
then print 5 seconds over (may be)
timer=0
endif

dimmer+=1
if dimmer>100
then dimmer=0
endif

=>dimmer %dimmer%
=>WebSend %url% dimmer %dimmer%

; show on display
dp0
dt [c1l1f1s2p20] dimmer=%dimmer%

print %upsecs% %uptime% %time% %sunrise% %sunset% %tstamp%

if time>sunset
or time<sunrise
then
; night time
if pwr[1]==0
then =>power1 1
endif
else
; day time
if pwr[1]>0
then =>power1 0
endif
endif

; clr display on boot
if boot>0
then dt [z]
endif

; frost warning
if ((temp<0 or zigbeetemp<0) and mt<=0)
then =#sendmail("frost alert")
; alarm only every 5 minutes
mt=300
=mp3track 2
endif

; var has been updated
if upd[hello]>0
then print %hello%
endif

; send to Thingspeak every 60 seconds
; average data in between
if upsecs%60==0
then
ahum>=tcnt
atemp>=tcnt
=WebSend [_IP_]/update?key=_token_&field1=%atemp%&field2=%ahum%
tcnt=0
atemp=0
ahum=0
else
ahum+=hum
atemp+=temp
tcnt+=1
endif

hour=int(time/60)
if chg[hour]>0
then
; exactly every hour
print full hour reached
endif

if time5 {
print more then 5 minutes after midnight
} else {
print less then 5 minutes after midnight
}

; publish abs hum every teleperiod time
if mqtts>0
and upsecs%tper==0
then
; calc abs humidity
tmp=pow(2.718281828 (17.67*temp)/(temp+243.5))
tmp=(6.112*tmp*hum*18.01534)/((273.15+temp)*8.31447215)
; publish median filtered value
=>Publish tele/%topic%/SENSOR {"Script":{"abshum":%med(0 tmp)%}}
endif

;switch case state machine
switch state
case 1
print state=%state% , start
state+=1
case 2
print state=%state%
state+=1
case 3
print state=%state%  , reset
state=1
ends

; subroutines
#sub1(string)
print sub1: %string%
#sub2(param)
print sub2: %param%

#sendmail(string)
=>sendmail [smtp.gmail.com:465:user:passwd:<sender@gmail.de:<rec@gmail.de:alarm] %string%

>E
print event executed!

; Assign temperature from a Zigbee sensor
zigbeetemp=ZbReceived#0x2342#Temperature
; get HSBColor 1. component
tmp=st(HSBColor , 1)

; check if switch changed state
sw=sw[1]
if chg[sw]>0
then =>power1 %sw%
endif

hello="event occurred"

; check for Color change (Color is a string)
col=Color
; color change needs 2 string vars
if col!=ocol
then ocol=col
print color changed  %col%
endif

; or check change of color channels
chan1=Channel[1]
chan2=Channel[2]
chan3=Channel[3]

if chg[chan1]>0
or chg[chan2]>0
or chg[chan3]>0
then = color has changed
endif

; compose color string for red
col=hn(255)+hn(0)+hn(0)
=color %col%

>R
print restarting now

; define all vars here
; reserve large strings
>D 48
hum=0
temp=0
fr=0
res=0
cnt=0
; moving average for 60 seconds
M:mhum=0 60
M:mtemp=0 60
str=""

>B
; set sensor file download link
;fl1("slog.txt")
; delete file in case we want to start fresh
;fd("slog.txt")

; list all files in root directory
fr=fo("/" 0)
for cnt 1 20 1
res=fr(str fr)
if res>0
then
print %cnt% : %str%
else
break
endif
next
fc(fr)

>T
; get sensor values
temp=BME280#Temperature
hum=BME280#Humidity

>S
; average sensor values every second
mhum=hum
mtemp=temp

; write average to sensor log every minute
if upsecs%60==0
then
; open file for write
fr=fo("slog.txt" 1)
; compose string for tab delimited file entry
str=s(upsecs)+"\t"+s(mhum)+"\t"+s(mtemp)+"\n"
; write string to log file
res=fw(str fr)
; close file
fc(fr)
endif

>R

>D
g:temp=0
g:hum=0

>T
temp=SHT3X_0x44#Temperature
hum=SHT3X_0x44#Humidity

>D
g:temp=0
g:hum=0

>S
dt [l1c1p10]temp=%temp% C
dt [l2c1p10]hum=%hum% %%

>D
hum=0
temp=0
press=0
ahum=0
tvoc=0
eco2=0
zwz=0
wr1=0
wr2=0
wr3=0
otmp=0
pwl=0
tmp=0
; preset units in case they are not available
punit="hPa"
tunit="C"

>B
;reset auto draw
dt [zD0]
;clr display and draw a frame
dt [x0y20h296x0y40h296]

>T
; get telemetry sensor values
temp=BME280#Temperature
hum=BME280#Humidity
press=BME280#Pressure
tvoc=SGP30#TVOC
eco2=SGP30#eCO2
ahum=SGP30#aHumidity
tunit=TempUnit
punit=PressureUnit

>S
; update display every [`TelePeriod`](Commands.md#teleperiod)
if upsecs%tper==0
then
dp2
dt [f1p7x0y5]%temp% %tunit%
dt [p5x70y5]%hum% %%[x250y5t]
dt [p11x140y5]%press% %punit%
dt [p10x30y25]TVOC: %tvoc% ppb
dt [p10x160y25]eCO2: %eco2% ppm
dt [p10c26l5]ahum: %ahum% g^m3

dp0
dt [p25c1l5]WR 1 (Dach)  : %wr1% W
dt [p25c1l6]WR 2 (Garage): %-wr3% W
dt [p25c1l7]WR 3 (Garten): %-wr2% W
dt [p25c1l8]Aussentemperatur: %otmp% C
dt [x170y95r120:30f2p6x185y100] %pwl% %%
; now update screen
dt [d]
endif

>E

>R

>D
hum=0
temp=0
press=0
zwz=0
wr1=0
wr2=0
wr3=0
otmp=0
pwl=0
ez1=0
sez1=0
M:mez1=0 7
ezh=0
sezh=0
M:mezh=0 7
vzh=0
svzh=0
M:mvzh=0 7
wd=0
res=0    
hr=0
t1=0
res=0

>B
->setoption64 1
tper=30

dt [IzD0]
dt [zG10352:5:40:-350:80:10080:0:100f3x360y40]100 %%[x360y115]0 %%
dt [f1x100y25]Powerwall - 7 Tage[f1x360y75] 0 %%
dt [G10353:5:140:-350:80:10080:0:5000f3x360y140]+5000 W[x360y215]0 W
dt [f1x70y125]Volleinspeisung - 7 Tage[f1x360y180] 0 W
dt [p13x10y230]WR 1,2,3:
dt [p13x10y245]H-Einsp.:
dt [p13x10y260]H-Verbr.:
dt [p13x10y275]D-Einsp.:
dt [d]

dt [Gr0:/g0_sav.txt:]
dt [Gr1:/g1_sav.txt:]

beep(-25 0)
beep(1000 100)

>T
press=BMP280#Pressure
temp=SHT3X_0x44#Temperature
hum=SHT3X_0x44#Humidity

>S

if upsecs%60==0
then
dp2
dt [f1p7x0y5]%temp% C
dt [x0y20h400x250y5T][x350t][f1p10x70y5]%hum% %%
dt [p10x140y5]%press% hPa
dp0
dt [p5x360y75]%pwl% %%
dt [p6x360y180]%wr1%W
dt [g0:%pwl%g1:%wr1%]

dt [p24x75y230] %wr1% W : %-wr2% W : %-wr3% W
dt [p-10x75y245]%ezh% kWh
dt [p-10x75y260]%vzh% kWh
dt [p-10x75y275]%ez1% kWh

t1=mezh*7
dt [p-10x150y245]: %t1% kWh
t1=mvzh*7
dt [p-10x150y260]: %t1% kWh
t1=mez1*7
dt [p-10x150y275]: %t1% kWh

dp1
t1=ezh-sezh
dt [p12x250y245]: %t1% kWh
t1=vzh-svzh
dt [p12x250y260]: %t1% kWh
t1=ez1-sez1
dt [p12x250y275]: %t1% kWh

dp0
dt [f2p5x320y250] %otmp%C

dt [d]
print updating display
endif

hr=hours
if chg[hr]>0
and hr==0
then
mez1=ez1-sez1
sez1=ez1
mezh=ezh-sezh
sezh=ezh
mvzh=vzh-svzh
svzh=vzh
endif

if sezh==0
then
sez1=ez1
sezh=ezh
svzh=vzh
endif

wd=wday
if chg[wd]>0
and wd==1
then
=>sendmail [*:*:*:*:*:user.tasmota@gmail.com: Wochenbericht]*
print sending email
endif


if upsecs%300==0
then
=#savgraf
print saving graph
endif

#savgraf
dt [Gs0:/g0_sav.txt:]
dt [Gs1:/g1_sav.txt:]

>m
Wochenbericht Einspeisung und Verbrauch<br><br>
w1=%mez1[1]%,%mez1[2]%,%mez1[3]%,%mez1[4]%,%mez1[5]%,%mez1[6]%,%mez1[7]%,%mez1[8]%<br>
w2=%mezh[1]%,%mezh[2]%,%mezh[3]%,%mezh[4]%,%mezh[5]%,%mezh[6]%,%mezh[7]%,%mezh[8]%<br>
w3=%mvzh[1]%,%mvzh[2]%,%mvzh[3]%,%mvzh[4]%,%mvzh[5]%,%mvzh[6]%,%mvzh[7]%,%mvzh[8]%<br>
#
>W
&<br><div id="container"style="width:640px;height:480px;margin:0 auto"></div><br>
&<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/charts/loader.js"></script>
&<script type="text/javascript">google.charts.load('current',{packages:['corechart']});</script>
&<script language="JavaScript">function drawChart(){var data=
&google.visualization.arrayToDataTable([
&['weekday','Power'],['Mo',%mvzh[1]%],['Di',%mvzh[2]%],['Mi',%mvzh[3]%],['Do',%mvzh[4]%],
&['Fr',%mvzh[5]%],['Sa',%mvzh[6]%],['So',%mvzh[7]%]]);
&var options={title:'daily solar feed',isStacked:true};
&var chart=new 
&google.visualization.ColumnChart(document.getElementById('container'));chart.draw(data,options);}
&google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(drawChart);</script>
#

>D
temp=0
press=0
zwz=0
wr1=0
wr2=0
wr3=0
otmp=0
pwl=0
tmp=0
dist=0
punit="hPa"
tunit="C"
hour=0

>B
dt [z]

// define 2 graphs, 2. has 3 tracks
dt [zCi1G2656:5:20:400:80:1440:-5000:5000:3Ci7f3x410y20]+5000 W[x410y95]-5000 W [Ci7f1x70y3] Zweirichtungsz~80hler - 24 Stunden
dt  [Ci1G2657:5:120:400:80:1440:0:5000:3Ci7f3x410y120]+5000 W[x410y195]0 W [Ci7f1x70y103] Wechselrichter 1-3 - 24 Stunden
dt [Ci1G2658:5:120:400:80:1440:0:5000:16][Ci1G2659:5:120:400:80:1440:0:5000:5]
dt [f1s1b0:260:260:100​:50:2:11:4:2:Rel 1:b1:370:260:100​:50:2:11:4:2:Dsp off:]
=>mp3volume 100
=>mp3track 4

>T
; get some telemetry values
temp=BMP280#Temperature
press=BMP280#Pressure
tunit=TempUnit
punit=PressureUnit
dist=VL53L0X#Distance

; check proximity sensor to turn display on and off to prevent burn-in
if dist>300
then
if pwr[2]>0
then
=>power2 0
endif
else
if pwr[2]==0
then
=>power2 1
endif
endif

>S
; update graph every teleperiod
if upsecs%tper==0
then
dp2
dt [f1Ci3x40y260w30Ci1]
dt [Ci7x120y220t]
dt [Ci7x180y220T]
dt [Ci7p8x120y240]%temp% %tunit%
dt [Ci7x120y260]%press% %punit%
dt [Ci7x120y280]%dist% mm
dp0
dt [g0:%zwz%g1:%wr1%g2:%-wr2%g3:%-wr3%]
if zwz0
then
dt [p-8x410y55Ci2Bi0]%zwz% W
else
dt [p-8x410y55Ci3Bi0]%zwz% W
endif
dt [p-8x410y140Ci3Bi0]%wr1% W
dt [p-8x410y155Ci16Bi0]%-wr2% W
dt [p-8x410y170Ci5Bi0]%-wr3% W
endif

; chime every full hour
hour=int(time/60)
if chg[hour]>0
then ->mp3track 4
endif

>E

>R

>D
m:array=0 60 ;defines array for 60 led pixels
cnt=0
val=0
ind=0
; rgb values for grid
colr1=0x050000
colr2=0x050100
colg1=0x000300
colg2=0x020300
ledbar=0
blue=64
pixels=60
steps=10
div=0
tog=0
max=5000
min=-5000
pos=0

>B
div=pixels/steps
=#prep
ws2812(array)

; ledbar is set from broker

>S
if ledbar<min
then ledbar=min
endif

if ledbar>max
then ledbar=max
endif

pos=(ledbar/max)*(pixels/2)
if ledbar>0
then
pos+=(pixels/2)
if pospixels-1
then pos=pixels
endif
else
pos+=(pixels/2)+1
if pospixels-1
then pos=1
endif
endif

if pos<1
or pos>pixels
then pos=1
endif

=#prep
if ledbar==0
then
array[pos]=blue
array[pos-1]=blue
else
array[pos]=blue
endif

; only used if power is off
; so lets may be used normally if on
if pwr[1]==0
then
ws2812(array)
endif

; subroutine for grid
#prep
for cnt 1 pixels 1
ind+=1
if ind>div
then ind=1
tog^=1
endif

if cnt<=pixels/2
then
if tog>0
then val=colr1
else val=colr2
endif
else
if tog>0
then val=colg1
else val=colg2
endif
endif
array[cnt]=val
next

>R

>D 25
istr=""
ws="WebSend [_IP_]"

; event section
>E
; get ir data
istr=IrReceived#Data

; on
if istr=="0x00F7C03F"
then
->wakeup
->%ws% wakeup
endif

; off
if istr=="0x00F740BF"
then
->power1 0
->%ws% power1 0
endif

;white
if istr=="0x00F7E01F"
then
->color 000000ff
->%ws% color 000000ff
endif

;red
if istr=="0x00F720DF"
then
->color ff000000
->%ws% color ff000000
endif

;green
if istr=="0x00F7A05F"
then
->color 00ff0000
->%ws% color 00ff0000
endif

;blue
if istr=="0x00F7609F"
then
->color 0000ff00
->%ws% color 0000ff00
endif

; dimmer up
if istr=="0x00F700FF"
then
->dimmer +
->%ws% dimmer +
endif

;dimmer down  
if istr=="0x00F7807F"  
then  
->dimmer -  
->%ws% dimmer -  
endif

istr=""

>D 25
istr=""
ws="WebSend [_IP_]"

; event section
>E
; get ir data
istr=IrReceived#Data

switch istr
; on
case "0x00F7C03F"
->wakeup
->%ws% wakeup

;off
case "0x00F740BF"
->power1 0
->%ws% power1 0

;white
case "0x00F7E01F"
->color 000000ff
->%ws% color 000000ff

;red
case "0x00F720DF"
->color ff000000
->%ws% color ff000000

;green
case "0x00F7A05F"
->color 00ff0000
->%ws% color 00ff0000

;blue
case "0x00F7609F"
->color 0000ff00
->%ws% color 0000ff00

; dimmer up
case "0x00F700FF"
->dimmer +
->%ws% dimmer +

; dimmer down
case "0x00F7807F"
->dimmer -
->%ws% dimmer -
ends

istr=""

; expand default string length to be able to hold `WebSend [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]`  
>D 25
sw=0
ws="WebSend [_IP_]"
timer=0
hold=0
toggle=0

>B
; gpio 5 button input
spinm(5,0)

; fast section 100ms
>F
sw=pin[5]
; 100 ms timer
timer+=1

; 3 seconds long press
; below 0,5 short press
if sw==0
and timer5
and timer<30
then
; short press
;print short press
toggle^=1
=>%ws% power1 %toggle%
endif

if sw>0
then
;pressed
if timer>30
then
; hold
hold=1
;print hold=%timer%
if toggle>0
then
=>%ws% dimmer +
else
=>%ws% dimmer -
endif
endif
else
timer=0
hold=0
endif

>D
dimmer=0
sw=0
color=""
col1=""
red=0
green=0
blue=0
ww=0

>F
color=hn(red)+hn(green)+hn(blue)+hn(ww)
if color!=col1
then
col1=color
=>websend [192.168.178.75] color %color%
endif

if chg[dimmer]>0
then  
=>websend [192.168.178.75] dimmer %dimmer%
endif

if chg[sw]>0
then
=>websend [192.168.178.75] power1 %sw%
endif

>W
bu(sw "Light on" "Light off")
ck(sw "Light on/off   ")
sl(0 100 dimmer "0" "Dimmer" "100")
sl(0 255 red "0" "red" "255")
sl(0 255 green "0" "green" "255")
sl(0 255 blue "0" "blue" "255")
sl(0 255 ww "0" "warm white" "255")
tx(color "color:   ")

>D
pwr1=0
hue1=0
sat1=0
bri1=0
tmp=0

>E
if upd[hue1]>0
or upd[sat1]>0
or upd[bri1]>0
then
tmp=hue1/182
->websend [192.168.178.84] hsbcolor %tmp%,%sat1%,%bri1%
endif

if upd[pwr1]>0
then
->websend [192.168.178.84] power1 %pwr1%
endif

>H
; on,hue,sat,bri,ct
livingroom,E,on=pwr1,hue=hue1,sat=sat1,bri=bri1

; define vars
>D
p:p1=0
p:p2=0
p:p3=0
p:p4=0

; init ports
>B
->sensor29 0,5,0
->sensor29 1,5,0
->sensor29 2,5,0
->sensor29 3,5,0
->sensor29 0,%0p1%
->sensor29 1,%0p2%
->sensor29 2,%0p3%
->sensor29 3,%0p4%

; define Alexa virtual devices
>H
port1,S,on=p1
port2,S,on=p2
port3,S,on=p3
port4,S,on=p4

; handle events
>E
print EVENT

if upd[p1]>0
then
->sensor29 0,%0p1%
endif
if upd[p2]>0
then
->sensor29 1,%0p2%
endif
if upd[p3]>0
then
->sensor29 2,%0p3%
endif
if upd[p4]>0
then
->sensor29 3,%0p4%
endif

=#pub

; publish routine
#pub
=>publish stat/%topic%/RESULT {"MCP23XX":{"p1":%0p1%,"p2":%0p2%,"p3":%0p3%,"p4":%0p4%}}
svars

; web interface
>W
bu(p1 "p1 on" "p1 off")bu(p2 "p2 on" "p2 off")bu(p3 "p3 on" "p3 off")bu(p4 "p4 on" "p4 off")

>D
gw=""

; Request Status information. The response will trigger the `U` section
>B
+>status 5

; Read the status JSON payload
>U
gw=StatusNET#Gateway
print %gw%

>D 25
day1=0
et=0
to="<mrx@gmail.com>"

>T
et=ENERGY#Total

>S
; send at midnight
day1=day
if chg[day1]>0
then
=>sendmail [*:*:*:*:*:%to%:energy report]*
endif

>m
email report at %tstamp%
your power consumption today was %et% kWh
#

>D 42
;long string required for key
y=0
m=0
d=0
key="yourkey"
id="yourSystemID"
ws="WebSend [pvoutput.org]"
et=0
p=0

>T
et=ENERGY#Total
p=ENERGY#Power
; every 5 minutes
if upsecs%300==0
then
y=sb(tstamp 0 4)
m=sb(tstamp 5 2)
d=sb(tstamp 8 2)
=>%ws%/service/r2/addstatus.jsp?key=%key%&sid=%id%&d=%1.0(y)%%2.0(m)%%2.0(d)%&t=%1(sb(tstamp 11 5))%&v2=%s(2.0p)%
endif

>D
sw=0
tmp=0
cnt=0
tmr=0
hold=0
powert=0
slider=0
dim=""
shortprl=2 ;short press lo limit
shortpru=10;short press up limit
dimdir=0   ;dim direction 0/1
dimstp=2   ;dim step/speed 1 to 5
dimmlp=2.2 ;dim multiplier
dimll=15   ;dim lower limit
dimul=95   ;dim upper limit
dimval=70  ;start dim level

>B
print "WiFi-Dimmer-Script-v0.2"
=>Counter1 0
=>Baudrate 9600
; boot sequence
=#senddim(dimval)
delay(1000)
=#senddim(0)

>F
cnt=pc[1]
if chg[cnt]>0
; sw pressed
then sw=1
else sw=0
; sw not pressed
endif

; 100ms timer
tmr+=1

; short press
if sw==0
and tmr>shortprl
and tmr<shortpru
then
powert^=1

; change light on/off
if powert==1
then
=#senddim(dimval)
else
=#senddim(0)
endif
endif


; long press
if sw>0
then
if hold==0
then

; change dim direction
dimdir^=1
endif
if tmr>shortpru
then
hold=1
if powert>0
; dim when on & hold
then
if dimdir>0
then

; increase dim level
dimval+=dimstp
if dimval>dimul  
then

; upper limit
dimval=dimul
endif
=#senddim(dimval)
else

; decrease dim level
dimval-=dimstp
if dimval<dimll
then

; lower limit
dimval=dimll
endif
=#senddim(dimval)
endif
endif
endif
else
tmr=0
hold=0
endif

>E
slider=Dimmer

; slider change
if chg[slider]>0
then

; dim according slider
if slider>0
then
dimval=slider
=#senddim(dimval)
else
powert=0
=#senddim(0)
endif
endif

if pwr[1]==1
; on/off webui
then
powert=1
=#senddim(dimval)
else
powert=0
=#senddim(0)
endif

; subroutine dim
#senddim(tmp)
dim="FF55"+hn(tmp*dimmlp)+"05DC0A"
=>SerialSend5 %dim%
=>Dimmer %tmp%
#

>D
>B
; load sh1106 driver
dt [S2/SH1106_desc.txt:]
; clear screen, switch to LCD font; set auto draw
dt [zf4s1D1]
dt [S1:]
>S
; switch to display 2
dt [S2:]
; show time
dt [x20y20t]
; switch back to display 1
dt [S1:]

>D
volt=0
curr=0
found=0
>B
; check device on I2C bus Nr.2
found=ia2(0x34)

>S
; if found read registers, (this example takes 2ms to read both values)
if found>0 {
volt=ir(0x5a)<<4|ir(0x5b)*1.7/1000
curr=ir(0x58)<<4|ir(0x59)*0.625
}

>W
; show on webui
Bus Voltage{m}%volt% V
Bus Current{m}%curr% mA

>D
; this script works with a CD4067 breakout to multiplex a single ADC channel
; of an ESP
IP=192.168.178.177
SB=8192
res=0
cnt=0
mcnt=0
m:mux=0 16

>B
; define output pins for multiplexer
spinm(12 O)
spinm(13 O)
spinm(14 O)
spinm(15 O)
; define string array with 16 entries
res=is1(16 "")
is1[1]="Azalea"
is1[2]="Aster"
is1[3]="Bougainvillea"
is1[4]="Camellia"
is1[5]="Carnation"
is1[6]="Chrysanthemum"
is1[7]="Clematis"
is1[8]="Daffodil"
is1[9]="Dahlia"
is1[10]="Daisy"
is1[11]="Edelweiss"
is1[12]="Fuchsia"
is1[13]="Gladiolus"
is1[14]="Iris"
is1[15]="Lily"
is1[16]="Periwinkle"

>F
; get adc value into array, average 4 values
; this is for ESP32 here on pin 32
mux[mcnt+1]=adc(2 32)
; this is for ESP8266 it has only 1 ADC input
; mux[mcnt+1]=adc(2)
mcnt+=1
if mcnt>=16
then
mcnt=0
endif
; set multiplexer
spin(12 mcnt)
spin(13 mcnt/2)
spin(14 mcnt/4)
spin(15 mcnt/8)

; display web UI
#wsub
if wm==0
then
for cnt 1 16 1
wcs  {s}Ch %0cnt%: %is1[cnt]%{m}%mux[cnt]% %%{e}
next
endif

#rsub
rapp ,"CD4067":{
for cnt 1 16 1
rapp "%is1[cnt]%":%mux[cnt]%
if cnt<16
then
rapp ,
endif
next
rapp }

>J
; send to mqtt
; call json subroutine
%=#rsub

>W
; call web subroutine
%=#wsub

these are some examples of more complex scripts to show what is possible.
complex scripts should be edited with the external source editor as they contain lots of comments and indents.
i will provide the sources later.